Database management is the process for managing information that supports the business operations of an organization. It includes data storage, distributing it to users and applications making changes as needed as well as monitoring changes to the data and preventing the data from becoming corrupted by unexpected failures. It is part of the overall informational infrastructure of a business that aids in decision-making in corporate growth, as well as compliance with laws such as the GDPR and the California Consumer Privacy Act.
The first database systems were created in the 1960s by Charles Bachman, IBM and others. They evolved into information management systems (IMS), which allowed large amounts of data to be stored and retrieved for a range of purposes. From calculating inventory, to supporting complex financial accounting functions and human resource functions.
A database is a collection of tables that organizes data according to a certain scheme, like one-to-many relationships. mialmujahidin.my.id It utilizes primary keys to identify records and allow cross-references between tables. Each table contains a number of fields, also known as attributes, which provide information about the entities that comprise the data. Relational models, created by E. F. “TedCodd Codd in the 1970s at IBM, are the most used database type today. The concept is based on normalizing data to make it easier to use. It also makes it easier to update data by avoiding the need to update various databases.
Most DBMSs can support multiple types of databases through different levels of external and internal organization. The internal level deals with cost, scalability and other operational concerns including the layout of the database’s physical storage. The external level determines how the database appears in user interfaces and other applications. It may include a mix of different external views (based on the different data models) and may also include virtual tables that are constructed from generic data to improve performance.